Alleviating saline-calcareous stress in Atriplex nummularia seedlings by foliar spraying with silymarin-enriched bee-honey solution

Document Type : Original full papers (regular papers)

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Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum

Abstract

When the plant is subjected to stress conditions on saline-calcareous soil, it is severely damaged and may die. Overcoming these saline and calcareous stresses is a challenge for the sustainability of human and animal feeding. During 2020 and 2021, the potential enhancing impacts of treating Atriplex nummularia seedlings with a 1% bee-honey solution enriched with 200 μg silymarin per L of solution (SBH) on plant growth, physiological and biochemical traits, antioxidant systems, and nutritional value under saline-calcareous soil stress conditions were investigated. Foliar spraying of A. nummularia with SBH significantly improved plant growth, root activity, photosynthetic efficiency, leaf cell integrity, soluble protein, osmo-regulators, different antioxidants, and nutritional status, while markers of oxidative stress (H2O2 and O2•‒) and oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage), total phenols, and Na+ levels were suppressed. The results of this investigation recommended the utilization of SBH for producing satisfactory plant productivities under saline-calcareous soil conditions.

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